September 2026 | Released October 29, 2026


+3.65 percent
PCE price index inflation
Sep 2025 to Sep 2026
+0.02 percent
Change in real PCE
Aug 2026 to Sep 2026
+0.20 percent
Change in personal income
Aug 2026 to Sep 2026


Expenditures and inflation


From August 2026 to September 2026:

  • Headline PCE price index inflation was 0.49 percent.
  • Core PCE price index inflation was 0.32 percent. This excludes food and energy prices, which tend to be more volatile.
  • All services inflation was 0.35 percent.
  • All goods inflation was 0.80 percent.
    • Durable goods inflation was 0.24 percent.
    • Nondurable goods inflation was 1.11 percent.


  • Real personal consumption expenditures (PCE) increased by 0.02 percent, or $2.62 billion.
  • Real PCE on all services increased by 0.16 percent, or $17.5 billion.
  • Real PCE on all goods decreased by 0.30 percent, or $17.15 billion.
    • Real PCE on durable goods decreased by 0.79 percent, or $17.57 billion.
    • Real PCE on nondurable goods decreased by 0.03 percent, or $1.01 billion.


  • The nominal personal savings rate decreased by 0.2 percentage points to 3.8 percent.


From September 2025 to September 2026:

  • Headline PCE price index inflation was 3.65 percent, which is higher than the Federal Reserve’s target of 2 percent.
  • Core PCE price index inflation was 3.12 percent.



Income and savings


From August 2026 to September 2026:



Table 1. Income and Consumption Indicators

Sep 2026 Aug 2026 Chg. from Aug 2026
Income and outlays growth (m/m)
Real Disposable Personal Income -0.27% 0.01% -0.28pp
Real Personal Consumption Expenditures 0.02% 0.55% -0.53pp
Month-over-month PCE inflation
Headline 0.49% 0.32% +0.17pp
Core 0.32% 0.26% +0.06pp
Year-over-year PCE inflation
Headline 3.65% 3.44% +0.21pp
Core 3.12% 3.03% +0.09pp


Table 2. Cleveland Federal Reserve Forecast

Cleveland Fed forecast Actual Forecast error
Month-over-month PCE inflation
Headline 0.47% 0.49% -0.02pp
Core 0.28% 0.32% -0.04pp
Year-over-year PCE inflation
Headline 3.60% 3.65% -0.05pp
Core 3.05% 3.12% -0.07pp


Table 3. Personal Consumption Expenditures by category

Expenditure category Sep 2026 Aug 2026 Chg. from Aug 2026 Sep 2025 Chg. from Sep 2025
Housing and utilities $4,029.0B
(17.94%)
$4,011.2B
(17.96%)
+0.44%
(-0.01pp)
$3,845.1B
(18.20%)
+4.78%
(-0.26pp)
Health care $3,871.2B
(17.24%)
$3,858.2B
(17.27%)
+0.34%
(-0.03pp)
$3,634.3B
(17.20%)
+6.52%
(+0.04pp)
Financial services and insurance $1,807.4B
(8.05%)
$1,796.3B
(8.04%)
+0.62%
(+0.01pp)
$1,683.9B
(7.97%)
+7.34%
(+0.08pp)
Food services and accommodations $1,610.5B
(7.17%)
$1,595.0B
(7.14%)
+0.97%
(+0.03pp)
$1,512.6B
(7.16%)
+6.47%
(+0.01pp)
Food and beverages purchased for off-premises consumption $1,572.2B
(7.00%)
$1,570.6B
(7.03%)
+0.10%
(-0.03pp)
$1,532.5B
(7.25%)
+2.59%
(-0.25pp)
Motor vehicles and parts $795.9B
(3.54%)
$809.9B
(3.63%)
-1.73%
(-0.08pp)
$778.0B
(3.68%)
+2.30%
(-0.14pp)
Transportation services $788.8B
(3.51%)
$770.4B
(3.45%)
+2.39%
(+0.06pp)
$714.9B
(3.38%)
+10.33%
(+0.13pp)
Recreational goods and vehicles $765.4B
(3.41%)
$765.4B
(3.43%)
0.00%
(-0.02pp)
$695.3B
(3.29%)
+10.08%
(+0.12pp)
Pharmaceutical and other medical products $763.7B
(3.40%)
$759.9B
(3.40%)
+0.50%
(-0.00pp)
$745.9B
(3.53%)
+2.38%
(-0.13pp)
Clothing and footwear $608.1B
(2.71%)
$607.4B
(2.72%)
+0.11%
(-0.01pp)
$564.6B
(2.67%)
+7.71%
(+0.04pp)
Gasoline and other energy goods $547.3B
(2.44%)
$501.6B
(2.25%)
+9.11%
(+0.19pp)
$424.7B
(2.01%)
+28.87%
(+0.43pp)
Furnishings and durable household equipment $537.1B
(2.39%)
$536.5B
(2.40%)
+0.11%
(-0.01pp)
$502.3B
(2.38%)
+6.91%
(+0.01pp)
Education services $375.5B
(1.67%)
$373.9B
(1.67%)
+0.44%
(-0.00pp)
$366.4B
(1.73%)
+2.49%
(-0.06pp)
Communication $329.3B
(1.47%)
$329.9B
(1.48%)
-0.17%
(-0.01pp)
$318.7B
(1.51%)
+3.35%
(-0.04pp)
All other expenditures $4,051.5B
(18.04%)
$4,053.5B
(18.14%)
-0.05%
(-0.10pp)
$3,807.3B
(18.02%)
+6.41%
(+0.02pp)

Note: Each month column shows the nominal dollar amount at a seasonally adjusted annual rate (SAAR) for each expenditure category and its share of total expenditure in parentheses. In the gray “change” columns, the percent value indicates the change in the annualized dollar amount over the period, and the percentage-point value in parentheses indicates the change in that category’s share of total expenditure over the period.


Upcoming releases


Date Time Release Data source
Nov 04 08:30 AM Monthly Trade Update, September 2026 Bureau of Economic Analysis
Nov 06 08:30 AM Monthly Employment Update, October 2026 Bureau of Labor Statistics
Nov 06 10:00 AM Monthly Debt Update, November 2026 U.S. Treasury
Nov 10 08:30 AM Monthly Inflation Update, October 2026 Bureau of Labor Statistics
Nov 13 10:00 AM Monthly Fiscal Update, October 2026 U.S. Treasury
Nov 20 10:00 AM State Employment and Unemployment, October 2026 Bureau of Labor Statistics
Nov 25 08:30 AM Monthly Expenditures Update, October 2026 Bureau of Economic Analysis
Nov 25 08:30 AM Monthly GDP Update, Q3 2026 Second Estimate Bureau of Economic Analysis


Notes


Source: Bureau of Economic Analysis; JEC Republicans calculations

“pp” = percentage points; “M/M” = month over month; “Y/Y” = year over year

Consistent with the Bureau of Economic Analysis, monthly figures are seasonally adjusted. Discrepancy in change figures is possible due to rounding.